Monday, 7 October 2013








pal stands for phrase alliterate line the history of it is In the 1950s, the Western European countries commenced planning to introduce colour television, and were faced with the problem that the NTSC standard demonstrated several weaknesses, including colour tone shifting under poor transmission conditions. To overcome NTSC's shortcomings, alternative standards were devised, resulting in the development of the PAL and SECAM standards. The goal was to provide a colour TV standard for the European picture frequency of 50 fields  per second , and finding a way to eliminate the problems with NTSC.

PAL has 576 visible line compared with 480 lines with ntsc meaning that PAL has a 20% higher resolution. Both PAL and NTSC have a higher frame rate than film, 24 frames per second, offering flicker free motion. Most TV output for PAL and NTSC user Interlaced frames meaning that even lines update on one frame and odd lines update on the next frame. Interlacing frames gives a smoother motion with half the frame rate, the downside is with scene changes. ntsc is used with a fps of 60i or 30p whereas PAL generally uses 50i or 25p; both use a high enough frame rates  to give the illusion of fluid motion. PAL has a closer frame rate to film and is less likely to suffer from issues caused during frame rate conversion. Artifacts caused by frame rate conversion required when video has been recorded at the wrong rate for the display can be severe.

pow dose have some disadvantages as it is 10 frames per second some people would say that it is not as good quality because of this. the advantages of using pal is that it has a greater resolution than ntsc and it is the most widely used.

it is used in all the blue sections of the planet and is not used in other areas.

 PAL has 576 visible line compared with 480 lines with ntsc meaning that PAL has a 20% higher resolution. Both PAL and NTSC have a higher frame rate than film, 24 frames per second, offering flicker free motion. Most TV output for PAL and NTSC user Interlaced frames meaning that even lines update on one frame and odd lines update on the next frame. Interlacing frames gives a smoother motion with half the frame rate, the downside is with scene changes.ntsc is used with a fps of 60i or 30p whereas PAL generally uses 50i or 25p; both use a high enough frame rate to give the illusion of fluid motion. PAL has a closer frame rate to film and is less likely to suffer from issues caused during frame rate conversion. Artifacts caused by frame rate conversion required when video has been recorded at the wrong rate for the display can be severe.
NTSC receivers have a tint control to perform colour correction manually. If this is not adjusted correctly, the colours may be faulty. The PAL standard automatically cancels hue errors by phase reversal, so a tint control is unnecessary. Chrominance phase errors in the PAL system are cancelled out using a 1H delay line resulting in lower saturation, which is much less noticeable to the eye than NTSC hue errors.





pal stads for phrase alternating line. it is widely used in countries like;

In the 1950s, the Western European countries commenced planning to introduce colour television, and were faced with the problem that the NTSC standard demonstrated several weaknesses, including colour tone shifting under poor transmission conditions. To overcome NTSC's shortcomings, alternative standards were devised, resulting in the development of the PAL and SECAM standards. The goal was to provide a colour TV standard for the European picture frequency of 50 fields per second , and finding a way to eliminate the problems with NTSC.





































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